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CC BY V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
Small Non-coding RNA Expression and Vertebrate Anoxia Tolerance
Frontiers in genetics, Vol.9, pp.230-230
07/10/2018
Handle:
https://hdl.handle.net/2376/111372
PMID: 30042786
Abstract
Background: Extreme anoxia tolerance requires a metabolic depression whose modulation could involve small non-coding RNAs (small ncRNAs), which are specific, rapid, and reversible regulators of gene expression. A previous study of small ncRNA expression in embryos of the annual killifish Austrofundulus limnaeus, the most anoxia-tolerant vertebrate known, revealed a specific expression pattern of small ncRNAs that could play important roles in anoxia tolerance. Here, we conduct a comparative study on the presence and expression of small ncRNAs in the most anoxia-tolerant representatives of several major vertebrate lineages, to investigate the evolution of and mechanisms supporting extreme anoxia tolerance. The epaulette shark (Hemiscyllium ocellatum), crucian carp (Carassius carassius), western painted turtle (Chrysemys picta bellii), and leopard frog (Rana pipiens) were exposed to anoxia and recovery, and small ncRNAs were sequenced from the brain (one of the most anoxia-sensitive tissues) prior to, during, and following exposure to anoxia.
Results: Small ncRNA profiles were broadly conserved among species under normoxic conditions, and these expression patterns were largely conserved during exposure to anoxia. In contrast, differentially expressed genes are mostly unique to each species, suggesting that each species may have evolved distinct small ncRNA expression patterns in response to anoxia. Mitochondria-derived small ncRNAs (mitosRNAs) which have a robust response to anoxia in A. limnaeus embryos, were identified in the other anoxia tolerant vertebrates here but did not display a similarly robust response to anoxia.
Conclusion: These findings support an overall stabilization of the small ncRNA transcriptome during exposure to anoxic insults, but also suggest that multiple small ncRNA expression pathways may support anoxia tolerance, as no conserved small ncRNA response was identified among the anoxia-tolerant vertebrates studied. This may reflect divergent strategies to achieve the same endpoint: anoxia tolerance. However, it may also indicate that there are multiple cellular pathways that can trigger the same cellular and physiological survival processes, including hypometabolism.
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Details
- Title
- Small Non-coding RNA Expression and Vertebrate Anoxia Tolerance
- Creators
- Claire L Riggs - Department of Biology, Portland State UniversityAmanda Summers - Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Villanova UniversityDaniel E Warren - Department of Biology, Saint Louis UniversityGöran E Nilsson - Department of Biosciences, University of OsloSjannie Lefevre - Department of Biosciences, University of OsloW. W Dowd - Washington State University, Biological Sciences, School ofSarah Milton - Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic UniversityJason E Podrabsky - Department of Biology, Portland State University
- Publication Details
- Frontiers in genetics, Vol.9, pp.230-230
- Academic Unit
- Biological Sciences, School of
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media S.A
- Grant note
- 231260/F20 / Norges Forskningsråd FAU Foundation / Florida Atlantic University DEB 1501414; IOS-1256186; CAREER 1253939 / National Science Foundation
- Identifiers
- 99900583163401842
- Copyright
- © 2018 Riggs, Summers, Warren, Nilsson, Lefevre, Dowd, Milton and Podrabsky. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article