Stem rust spores elicit rapid RPG1 phosphorylation

Jayaveeramuthu Nirmala; Tom Drader; Xianming Chen; Brian Steffenson; Andris Kleinhofs

doi:10.1094/MPMI-06-10-0136

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Stem rust spores elicit rapid RPG1 phosphorylation

Journal article

Open access

Stem rust spores elicit rapid RPG1 phosphorylation

Jayaveeramuthu Nirmala, Tom Drader, Xianming Chen, Brian Steffenson and Andris Kleinhofs

Molecular plant-microbe interactions, Vol.23(12), pp.1635-1642

12/2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-06-10-0136

Handle:

https://hdl.handle.net/2376/104839

PMID: 20653415

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Abstract

Host-Pathogen Interactions

Plant Proteins - genetics

Phosphorylation

Hordeum - metabolism

Fungi - physiology

Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - physiology

Plant Diseases - microbiology

Plant Proteins - metabolism

Hordeum - genetics

Hordeum - microbiology

Stem rust threatens cereal production worldwide. Understanding the mechanism by which durable resistance genes, such as Rpg1, function is critical. We show that the RPG1 protein is phosphorylated within 5 min by exposure to spores from avirulent but not virulent races of stem rust. Transgenic mutants encoding an RPG1 protein with an in vitro inactive kinase domain fail to phosphorylate RPG1 in vivo and are susceptible to stem rust, demonstrating that phosphorylation is a prerequisite for disease resistance. Protein kinase inhibitors prevent RPG1 phosphorylation and result in susceptibility to stem rust, providing further evidence for the importance of phosphorylation in disease resistance. We conclude that phosphorylation of the RPG1 protein by the kinase activity of the pK2 domain induced by the interaction with an unknown pathogen spore product is required for resistance to the avirulent stem rust races. The pseudokinase pK1 domain is required for disease resistance but not phosphorylation. The very rapid phosphorylation of RPG1 suggests that an effector is already present in or on the stem rust urediniospores when they are placed on the leaf surface. However, spores must be alive, as determined by their ability to germinate, in order to elicit RPG1 phosphorylation.

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Title: Stem rust spores elicit rapid RPG1 phosphorylation
Creators: Jayaveeramuthu Nirmala - Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164, USA
Tom Drader
Xianming Chen
Brian Steffenson
Andris Kleinhofs
Publication Details: Molecular plant-microbe interactions, Vol.23(12), pp.1635-1642
Academic Unit: Crop and Soil Sciences, Department of; Plant Pathology, Department of
Publisher: United States
Identifiers: 99900546610101842
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article