The olfactory nerve has a role in the body temperature and brain cytokine responses to influenza virus

Victor H Leyva-Grado; Lynn Churchill; Joseph Harding; James M Krueger

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2009.10.007

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The olfactory nerve has a role in the body temperature and brain cytokine responses to influenza virus

Journal article

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The olfactory nerve has a role in the body temperature and brain cytokine responses to influenza virus

Victor H Leyva-Grado, Lynn Churchill, Joseph Harding and James M Krueger

Brain, behavior, and immunity, Vol.24(2), pp.281-288

2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2009.10.007

Handle:

https://hdl.handle.net/2376/115000

PMCID: PMC2818451

PMID: 19836444

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Abstract

H1N1 virus

Immunohistochemistry

Interleukin 1β

Olfactory bulb

Tumor necrosis factor

Olfactory-nerve-transection

Mouse-adapted human influenza virus is detectable in the olfactory bulbs of mice within hours after intranasal challenge and is associated with enhanced local cytokine mRNA and protein levels. To determine whether signals from the olfactory nerve influence the unfolding of the acute phase response (APR), we surgically transected the olfactory nerve in mice prior to influenza infection. We then compared the responses of olfactory-nerve-transected (ONT) mice to those recorded in sham-operated control mice using measurements of body temperature, food intake, body weight, locomotor activity and immunohistochemistry for cytokines and the viral antigen, H1N1. ONT did not change baseline body temperature (Tb); however, the onset of virus-induced hypothermia was delayed for about 13 h in the ONT mice. Locomotor activity, food intake and body weights of the two groups were similar. At 15 h post-challenge fewer viral antigen-immunoreactive (IR) cells were observed in the olfactory bulb (OB) of ONT mice compared to sham controls. The number of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)- and interleukin 1β (IL1β)-IR cells in ONT mice was also reduced in the OB and other interconnected regions in the brain compared to sham controls. These results suggest that the olfactory nerve pathway is important for the initial pathogenesis of the influenza-induced APR.

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Title: The olfactory nerve has a role in the body temperature and brain cytokine responses to influenza virus
Creators: Victor H Leyva-Grado
Lynn Churchill
Joseph Harding
James M Krueger
Publication Details: Brain, behavior, and immunity, Vol.24(2), pp.281-288
Academic Unit: Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Department of
Publisher: Elsevier Inc
Identifiers: 99900547532001842
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article