Soils harbor more diverse microbial populations than any other habitat on earth. Only a very small fraction of those organisms are responsible for any type of plant or animal disease. In fact, the vast majority of these microscopic soil organisms are highly beneficial in terms of nutrient cycling, soil tilth, and soil health. Because of their important roles in these crucial soil properties and their direct interactions with plants, beneficial soil microorganisms are also absolutely critical to soil fertility and plant nutrition. Unfortunately, the rapid acidification of soils in the inland Pacific Northwest is having detrimental impacts on the populations and effectiveness of beneficial soil microorganisms.